It may be harder to tack a genoa than a jib, since the overlapping area can become fouled among the shrouds and/or mast unless carefully tended during the tack. Maximizing the sail area can cause more difficult handling. Under Performance Handicap Racing Fleet rules, most boats are allowed 155% genoas without a penalty. Working jibs are also defined by the same measure, typically 100% or less of the foretriangle. Number 2 genoas are generally in the range of 125–140%. Genoas are classified by their size a modern number 1 genoa would typically be approximately 155%, but historically number 1 genoas have been as large as 180%. Sail racing classes often specify a limit to genoa size. Genoas are categorized by a percentage representing their area relative to the 100% foretriangle. To maximize sail area, the foot of the sail is generally parallel and very close to the deck when close hauled.
A genoa is larger, with the leech going past the mast and overlapping the mainsail. A working jib is no larger than the 100% foretriangle. Colloquially the term is sometimes used interchangeably with jib. The term genoa (or genny) refers to a type of jib that is larger than the 100% foretriangle, which is the triangular area formed by the point at which the stay intersects the mast, and deck or bowsprit, and the line where the mast intersects deck at the rail.
The term jib is the generic term for any of an assortment of headsails. A jib, left, compared to a roughly 110% genoa, right.
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